美国政府正提议禁止在联网车辆上使用中国制造或俄罗斯制造的硬件与软件，此举措基于对国家安全的担忧。白宫于周一宣布了这一拟议中的禁令。该措施旨在保护能对外通信的汽车，从而允许美国对手通过获取并收集数据、远程操控美国境内的汽车来发起攻击。
商务部表示，在二月份就启动了一项针对中国制造车辆潜在风险的调查，指出汽车通过传感器和摄像头收集大量信息。“现今的汽车装备有连接互联网的摄像头、麦克风、GPS追踪及其他技术。想象一下，如果外国敌对势力获取这些信息会带来多大的安全威胁，以及美国公民的隐私权益将如何受其影响。”商务部部长吉娜·雷蒙多在声明中说。
雷蒙多与记者的电话会议中阐述了几个可能的情景：假设敌人能同时控制多个汽车，导致交通事故或道路堵塞。她强调：“此措施无关贸易或经济优势。它纯粹是为了国家安全考量。”
“好消息是，目前美国路上尚未有大量中国或俄罗斯制造的车辆。”她说。
今年2月，拜登总统签署了一项行政命令，旨在加强国家应对海上网络安全威胁的能力，担忧中国可能会试图破坏美国的关键基础设施系统。
与国会推动限制TikTok与中国所有者的联系行动一同，白宫此次举措是美国为堵塞可能遭受外方干预漏洞的更大努力的一部分。今年早些时候，拜登宣布对进口自中国的电动汽车征收100%的关税，理由是中国对这些车辆给予不公平补贴。
虽然在美国部署的中国或俄罗斯软件较少，但对于硬件的情况则更为复杂。因此，商务部官员指出，软件的禁止措施将从2027年车型开始执行，而硬件的禁令则会在2030年的车型中生效，对于没有具体型号年份的车辆，则会在2029年1月1日生效。
——美联社对本报告有所贡献。
新闻来源：www.cbsnews.com
原文地址：Biden administration proposes ban on Chinese and Russian software in U.S. cars
新闻日期：2024-09-23
原文摘要：
The Biden administration is proposing a ban on Chinese- and Russian-made hardware and software in internet-connected vehicles in the United States, citing national security concerns.The proposed ban announced by the White House on Monday is intended to safeguard cars that can communicate externally, providing a route for U.S. adversaries to access and collect date and remotely manipulate cars on American roads.Connected vehicles are a particular potential threat, according to the Commerce Department, which in February launched a probe into the possible risk posed by Chinese-manufactured vehicles, noting the large amount of information cars take in through their sensors and cameras."Cars today have cameras, microphones, GPS tracking and other technologies connected to the internet. It doesn't take much imagination to understand how a foreign adversary with access to this information could pose a serious risk to both our national security and the privacy of U.S. citizens," U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo said in a statement.Outlining possible scenarios in a call with reporters on Sunday, Raimondo said a foreign adversary could shut down or take simultaneous control of multiple vehicles, causing crashes and blocking roads."This is not about trade or economic advantage," Raimondo said. "This is a strictly national security action. The good news is right now, we don't have many Chinese or Russian cars on our road." President Biden signed an executive order in February intended to strengthen the country's ability to respond to maritime cybersecurity threats amid worries that China might attempt to cripple crucial infrastructure systems in the U.S. Along with congressional moves to make TikTok cut its ties with its Chinese owners, the White House initiative is part of a larger bid to seal what are seen as vulnerable spots for potential foreign interference. Earlier this year, the president announced 100% tariffs on Chinese electric cars, saying they are unfairly subsidized in China.While there is minimal Chinese and Russian software deployed in the U.S, the issue is more complicated for hardware. That's why Commerce officials said the prohibitions on the software would take effect for the 2027 model year and the prohibitions on hardware would take effect for the model year of 2030, or Jan. 1, 2029, for units without a model year.—The Associated Press contributed to this report.
