《视频游戏热力激发山西历史遗迹游》
身为24岁的医学生，王欣宇通过一款热门电子游戏对中国山西省的历史遗迹产生了浓厚兴趣。“即使作为当地人，我也没意识到这里有这么多地方。”她如是说。
受到这款名为《黑神话：悟空》，以中国古典小说《西游记》为背景的火爆视频游戏的影响，中国游客开始蜂拥至山西古寺庙、佛塔和众多其他历史遗址。这个位于中国北方偏远地区的山区省份过去较少受到旅游关注，如今却迎来了前所未有的游客潮，他们在震撼的风光面前驻足流连。
《黑神话：悟空》由一家受支持的企业开发，其游戏中的地标描绘精准而吸引人。在36个设定地点中，27个位于山西小城镇。其中包括联合国世界遗产——大佛像雕塑园（西安），以及第二世纪的古寺庙等。
国庆节前夕的中秋假期，游客数量激增，为这个中国相对贫困省份的经济带来了积极的影响。然而，同时这也引发了对乡村小镇在大规模游客涌入后如何维持可持续发展能力的担忧。
在中国政府鼓励国内旅游以刺激消费、推动疲软经济的发展背景下，新冠疫情导致的出国旅行受限进一步促进了内需。越来越多中国游客放弃了海外游而选择本土冒险。
今年早些时候，人口仅290万的天水古丝绸之路城市同样在一款当地小吃成为热门话题后迎来了大量游客——这位小吃是一个辣度极高的火锅版本，一名大学生在网上发布视频后引起关注。
一碗15元（约5.2美元）的麻辣肉蔬混搭碗让政府不得不开放了通常限制通行的停车场，铁路运营方增加了列车服务以应对人潮。而在山西，为迎合大量游客需求，便携式的移动厕所被运输到现场，一些寺庙采取了限流措施。
比如锦城寺在节日期间将每日游客量临时提升至1500人次，但在平时限制在500人次以内。最近有一段社交媒体上的视频显示有约100人在排队等候，每人只能停留大约两分钟观看。
《黑神话：悟空》的流行不仅让山西的历史遗迹广受关注和访客激增，也引发了对文物保护措施的有效性的思考。一位来自沿海省份、距离山西700多公里（约1,120千米）的大建筑师张兰表示担忧：“游客很容易触摸到文化遗物，目前看来部分地方的保护工作似乎还不够充分。”
在“热游戏+旅游”这种现象背后，体现了当下中国社会媒体饱和环境下的潮流模式。游客们蜂拥前往这些突然流行的热门目的地已不稀奇。
例如天水这座古代丝绸之路城市，在一名大学生发布了一段展示该地区独特辣味美食视频后，尽管拥有290万人口仍然迎来了大量的访问者。在那道名为“无汤火锅”（malatang）的特色菜肴火爆网络后，政府办公室不得不开放通常仅限通行的停车场以供更多游客停车，并增加了铁路班次来应对高峰。
大量游客涌入导致当地不得不采取措施增加便利设施：例如引入移动厕所以服务成群的游客。一些寺庙则实行了游客限量政策——在中秋节期间锦城寺的日接待人数从500提升到了1500人，但平日仍限制为每日最多500名访客。
然而，在人潮汹涌的情况下，历史遗迹的安全保护成为了一大关注点。“如何平衡旅游业的发展与文物保护？”这一问题引发着众多反思。在《黑神话：悟空》的热潮中，游客们的触摸行为有时不免对这些珍贵文物构成潜在威胁，而当前一些地方对于这类保护似乎尚显不足。
随着旅游业的爆发式增长，如何实现文化旅游资源的可持续发展，保持历史遗迹与文化的完整性，成为一道必须思考和解决的重要课题。
新闻来源：www.bloomberg.com
原文地址：'Black Myth: Wukong' Brings Tourism Frenzy to Shanxi, China
新闻日期：2024-09-23
原文摘要：
It took a video game to inspire 24-year-old medical student Wang Xinyu to visit two ancient temples in her hometown in the remote northern Chinese province of Shanxi.“Even as a local, I didn’t know we have all these places,” she said. “There were quite a lot of visitors. All of a sudden, there are many cars from other provinces on the roads.”Inspired by the hugely popular video game, Chinese tourists are flocking to temples, pagodas and other historic sites in Shanxi, a mostly rural, mountainous region off the beaten path that’s now seeing a deluge of visitors enthralled by the stunning vistas.Numerous sites are featured in the blockbuster action video game, which was released in August and is based on a classical Chinese novel, Journey to the West. It follows the adventures of a monkey warrior who battles adversaries.The game, developed by a -backed startup, has been a hit in China and abroad with its realistic rendering of landmarks. Some 27 of the 36 locations are set in Shanxi towns, from the , a UN-designated World Heritage Site featuring thousands of statues and carvings from an ancient dynasty, to the dating from the second century that 24-year-old Wang visited.The deluge of visitors, which ramped up over the recent mid-Autumn festival, has been a boon for business in one of China’s poorest provinces, but has also raised concerns about the readiness of rural towns to sustainably receive such masses.Since the pandemic, many Chinese tourists are foregoing overseas trips to seek out adventures domestically, a trend Beijing has also encouraged to spur domestic spending to bolster a sluggish economy.Jiang Bai, a 25-year-old interior designer from Nanjing, went on an eight-day tour to Shanxi earlier this month after getting hooked on the Wukong video game.“I saw many beautiful scenes in the game modeled on architecture in Shanxi and I wanted to check out those places in person,” she said.Jiang booked her 3,700 yuan ($525) trip on Ctrip, the country’s largest online travel agency, and took a flight to get there. The Chinese arm of and other operators have seized on the video game’s popularity with many offering organized group tours.Visitor numbers from the recent three-day mid-Autumn festival show a spike to the province since the game’s release. Bookings for Shanxi have surged more than 75% in recent weeks from last year, covering both the recent holiday as well as the upcoming Golden Week break in early October, according to Fliggy.com, Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s online travel platform. In Linfen, home to a complex of hanging ceramic sculptures knowns as , bookings have surged more than fourfold.Shanxi’s provincial tourism department has been quick to jump on the bandwagon, posting at least 30 videos to tout the sites, with one, which has gone viral, juxtaposing footage from the video game with the real-life attractions. Tourists are now lining up as early as 6:30 a.m. to get passport-like travel booklets that can be stamped at scenic spots as a keepsake.In today’s social media saturated world, it’s not uncommon for Chinese tourists to flood to suddenly trendy hotspots.Earlier this year, the ancient Silk Road city of Tianshui, home to just 2.9 million people, was bombarded with visitors after its tongue-numbing local delicacy, a soupless version of hotpot, went viral after a college student posted a clip of the dish online.So many visitors poured in for the 15 yuan malatang bowl of spicy meat and veggies that government offices had to open their normally restricted parking lots and railway operators added train services to accommodate the crowds.In Shanxi, mobile toilets have been trucked in to cater for the descending hoardes and some temples have had to implement control measures: the Tiefo Temple in the city of Jincheng has capped daily visitors at 500 although bumped it up to 1,500 during the recent festival. One recent social media post showed a line of about 100 people waiting to get in, with each visitor allowed just a two-minute look. In another video of the Yungang Grottoes, crowds can be seen swarming below centuries-old ceramic sculptures that hang precariously from walls and ceilings. Zhang Lan, an architect from a coastal province 700 miles (1,120 kilometers) away, toured Shanxi for a week recently, drawn by the relatively low prices. But the tourism frenzy has her worried about how the historical relics will remain protected.“It’s easy for tourists to touch cultural relics with their hands,” she said. “It does seem to me there’s not enough protection at some sites.”
