### 中国在太平洋成功试射洲际弹道导弹
#### 声明：全球紧张局势下的一次罕见测试
在中美及地区盟友关系趋于紧张的背景下，中国军队于北京时间本周三上午8:44进行了洲际弹道导弹的试射，并将一枚携带仿真核战头的导弹投送至太平洋高海区指定区域。中国国防部在其声明中指出，此次试射由中国人民解放军火箭军执行，为年度常规训练的一部分，旨在测试武器和军队训练效能，针对特定国家或目标展开。
#### 背景：近期地区冲突与紧张局势
此举正值中国与俄罗斯在周边海域进行联合海军演习之际。国际媒体报道称，中国已提前通知相关国家这一行动。据新华社报道，“试射活动已有效检验武器装备性能及军队训练水平，并达到预期目标。”
#### 历史首度公开宣布
这是自1980年庆祝首个洲际弹道导弹DF-5成功测试以来，中国首次公开展示此类测试。当时，DF-5从西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射至南太平洋，飞行距离超过8,000公里。
#### 现代化进程与新型武器
自那时起，中国已秘密进行更多洲际弹道导弹试射，大多在本国领土上执行，并且经常落地于西部沙漠。2013年12月的一次国防新闻发布会上，对于从渤海海域发射的潜艇ICBM一事，中国国防部发言人回应称，中国按照计划在国内领土范围内开展常规科学研究实验。
#### 最新洲际弹道导弹：DF-41
最新报道指出，中国最新型洲际弹道导弹“DF-41”的实际射程估计在12,000至15,000公里之间（7,400至9,300英里），具备覆盖美国本土的能力。
#### 全球紧张局势下的强烈信号
针对周边海域的国际紧张关系背景，此次公开测试向多个国家发出了强烈的警告信息。近年来，日本因中俄军机入侵领空事件而提出强硬抗议；中国和菲律宾船只在争议水域频发碰撞，台湾声称近期频繁进行导弹发射及其他军事演习。
#### 战略考量与全球规范
专家指出，在当前复杂国际关系下，中国的洲际弹道导弹试射向所有相关方展示了其战略实力。提及全球对长程弹道导弹发射的常规通知机制，中国在此次行动中是否遵循了这一国际惯例成为另一关键焦点。
### 总结：强化核力量与现代军事能力
在中国领导层的努力下，中国的核力量和军事现代化步伐加快，特别是火箭军的建设与发展。卫星照片显示，在中国沙漠地区建造数百个疑似洲际弹道导弹发射井的消息引起了广泛关注；同时，美国国防部门预计北京在未来十年将实现核武器库显著扩大。
2023年的数据指出，作为年度军事报告的一部分，美军估计中国操作性核武器库存超过500枚，预期至2030年可能增加到1,000枚。
新闻来源：www.cnn.com
原文地址：China fires ICBM into Pacific Ocean in first such public test in decades as regional tensions flare
新闻日期：2024-09-25
原文摘要：
China says it successfully fired an intercontinental ballistic missile into the Pacific Ocean on Wednesday, a rare public test that comes amid heightened tensions with the United States and its regional allies. An ICBM carrying a dummy warhead was launched at 8:44 a.m. Beijing time and fell into a designated area in the high seas of the Pacific Ocean, the Chinese Defense Ministry said in a statement. It did not specify the missile’s flight path or landing location. The ministry said the launch, by the People’s Liberation Army Rocket Force, was part of its routine annual training and was not directed at any country or target. It comes as China and Russia conduct joint naval exercises in nearby seas close to Japan. China “notified relevant countries in advance,” state news agency Xinhua said in a separate report, without specifying who it notified. The launch “effectively tested the performance of weapons and equipment as well as the training level of the troops, and achieved the expected objectives,” Xinhua reported. This is the first time China has publicly announced an ICBM test in the Pacific Ocean in more than four decades. In 1980, China celebrated the successful test of its first ICBM, the DF-5. Launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the country’s northwest, the missile flew more than 8,000 kilometers (5,000 miles) into the South Pacific. Since then, China has been quietly conducting more ICBM tests. Most took place over its own territory, with many landing in the country’s far western deserts. In December 2013, a Chinese defense ministry spokesperson was asked at a regular news conference about an ICBM test launched from a submarine in the Bohai Sea, an inland sea off China’s northeast coast. “It is normal for China to conduct scientific research experiments within its territory according to plan,” the spokesperson replied. China’s defense ministry and state media offered little details about the test on Wednesday, including the type of ICBM launched. The country’s latest ICBM, known to be the DF-41, is estimated to have a range of 12,000 to 15,000 kilometers (7,400 to 9,300 miles) and is capable of reaching the US mainland. ‘A powerful signal’ China’s high-profile test in the Pacific comes amid rising tensions in surrounding waters, from the East China Sea and the Taiwan Strait to the South China Sea. “China launches a lot of missiles. They don’t announce a lot of them. It’s interesting that they would choose now,” said Drew Thompson, a senior fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) at Singapore’s Nanyang Technological University. Over the past weeks, Japan has strongly protested incursions by Chinese and Russian military aircraft into its airspace; Chinese and Philippine vessels have engaged in multiple collisions near a dangerous new flashpoint; and Taiwan says China has recently been conducting intensive missile firing and other military drills near the self-ruled island. “This is quite a statement to launch a ballistic missile into the Pacific at this time when China is in conflict with many of its neighbors,” Thompson said. “This launch is a powerful signal intended to intimidate everyone.” Another key question is which countries China notified in advance of the launch, Thompson said. “There’s a long-standing global norm of notifying countries when certain long-range ballistic missiles are launched to prevent the risk of miscalculation,” he said. “China is not party to any agreement other than a bilateral agreement with Russia.” During the Cold War, the US and the Soviet Union agreed to notify each other of ballistic missile launches extending beyond their territories, and expanded on that in 2000. In 2009, China and Russia signed an agreement to notify each other of impending ballistic missile launches. The two sides extended the pact by another decade after it expired in 2020. Under leader Xi Jinping, China has bolstered its nuclear capabilities and revamped the PLA’s Rocket Force, an elite branch overseeing the country’s fast-expanding arsenal of nuclear and ballistic missiles. In the past few years, satellite photos have shown the construction of what appears to be hundreds of silos for intercontinental ballistic missiles in China’s deserts, and the US Defense Department is predicting exponential growth in the number of nuclear warheads in Beijing’s arsenal in the next decade. China held more than 500 operational nuclear warheads as of 2023 and will probably have over 1,000 warheads by 2030, the Pentagon said in its annual report on Beijing’s military last year.
