十年前，在香港政府总部附近飘扬着众多红色中华人民共和国国旗，为迎接中国的国庆日而准备。警察在这一地区巡逻，回忆起10年前数千名示威者占领这里抗议北京对特区首脑候选人限制的场景。
2014年9月，抗议者使用雨伞对抗警方喷洒的胡椒水，在79天的时间里与警方对峙，随后爆发了以「雨伞运动」命名的和平集会。更多的参与者加入了两个附近桥梁周围的营地，人数迅速增多。这场运动也引发了香港许多年轻人的政治觉醒，成为2019年大规模反政府抗议行动的直接前奏。那一年的抗议活动是自1997年香港从英国回归中国后对北京的最大挑战。
为回应这一系列事件，中国政府颁布了全面的国家安全法，批评者认为该法案削弱了自由，并导致许多活动家被监禁或逃离香港地区。许多运动的领导人面临起诉，包括2014运动的一些核心人物。学者贝尼·泰被指控在该市最大的国家安全案中犯有与非官方初步选举有关的罪行，等待判决。学生领袖如周庭、陈建民也继续被拘留。
「雨伞运动」的学生领袖之一，南天也被迫流亡海外，并成为受到警方通缉和奖励的目标群体中的成员之一。另外两个共同创始人—学者陈健民和传教士朱耀明也移居到台湾。另一名学生领袖谢伟康在美国攻读博士学位。
数十个民间组织被解散。苹果日报和独立新闻网站《立场》因高层人员被捕被迫关闭，曾因批评政府报道而著称。
抗议活动的参与者吴瑞发表示，他非常怀念他的政治同行、已被起诉的罗冠聪、贝尼·泰以及其他的政界人士。他表示，“2014年的抗议对我和香港来说意义非凡。”
「简而言之，它在很大程度上让许多香港人认识到了公民不服从的力量，并启发了后来反对引渡修订法运动中的民众行动。」
虽然香港不大可能举行大规模的纪念活动，但海外的香港人在这个月通过集会和社交媒体事件来回忆这一运动，在英国、加拿大、台湾、澳大利亚及荷兰等地举办了一些事件。
中国政府支持的安全局长郑若骅则否定了过去十年间香港自由度下降的说法，坚称2020年实施的国家安全法律以及今年3月制定的新安全法足以保护人权。
新闻来源：www.abcnews.go.com
原文地址：A decade later, Hong Kong’s massive democracy protests remain an enduring memory
新闻日期：2024-09-28
原文摘要：
Scores of red Chinese flags now flap near the Hong Kong government headquarters in preparation for China’s national day as police patrolled the area thousands of demonstrators occupied a decade ago to protest Beijing’s restrictions on candidates running for the city’s top job. In Sept. 2014, protesters fended off police’s pepper spray using their umbrellas in a 79-day face-off, and the largely peaceful Umbrella Movement saw more people join an encampment around the two nearby bridges. The movement, also known as Occupy Central, catalyzed a profound political awakening among many young Hong Kongers and shaped the huge anti-government protests in 2019, the biggest challenge to Beijing since the former British colony returned to Chinese rule in 1997. Beijing, in return, imposed a sweeping national security law that critics say cracked down on freedoms and saw many activists jailed while others fled the territory. Many leading activists have been prosecuted, including some former leaders of the 2014 movement. Legal scholar Benny Tai, dubbed Occupy co-founder, awaits sentencing over an unofficial primary in the city’s biggest national security case. The movement’s then-student leaders Joshua Wong and Lester Shum also remain in custody. Nathan Law, another former student leader, was forced into self-exile and is among a group of overseas-based activists targeted by police bounties. Two other Occupy co-founders — scholar Chan Kin-man and Rev. Chu Yiu-ming — moved to Taiwan. Another former student leader Alex Chow is pursuing a doctoral degree in the United States. Dozens of civil society groups were disbanded. Apple Daily and Stand News, news outlets known for their critical reports of the government, were forced to shut down after the arrests of their top management. Activist Raphael Wong, who was jailed over his role during the 2014 protests told The Associated Press Saturday he misses his fellow political party member Leung Kwok-hung, Tai and other political activists who were prosecuted. The protests 10 years ago, Wong said, held immense significance for him and Hong Kong. “If I have to put it in the simplest terms, I’d say it enlightened many Hong Kong people about civil disobedience and inspired the later anti-extradition bill movement in 2019,” he said. While large-scale public commemorations are unlikely to occur in the city, some overseas-based Hong Kongers organized events to remember the movement in Britain, Canada, Taiwan, Australia and the Netherlands this month. Others recounted their memories of the protests on social media. China-endorsed Hong Kong Secretary for Security Chris Tang on Thursday rejected that the city’s freedoms have shrunk over the past decade, insisting that the city’s 2020 security law and a new security law enacted in March provide sufficient safeguard for human rights.
