据知情人士透露，在未来的几天内，欧洲联盟的成员国可能会投票决定对电动车征收关税，然而即使在这样的背景下，欧盟与中国仍将继续谈判以寻找替代解决方案。为确保谈判能够继续进行，预计下月初将要进行的立法草案表决中会新增一项条款。
一位知情者表示，原本计划在本周二举行这次表决，但在此之后，欧盟和中国同意加强对话，表决时间有所推迟。上周末，在欧盟贸易专员与中国的商务部部长会面后，双方正在探讨一个机制，旨在管控对出口车辆的价格和数量，以避免反补贴关税的征收。
欧盟至今已拒绝了中国提出的提议方案。欧盟执委会过去经常强调，任何解决方案都需符合WTO规则、需考量中国政府的补助措施影响，并确保欧盟能对其实施监控。
对于中国的反补贴调查被欧洲视为一种保护主义行动。为争取成员国的支持，北京方面提供了一个激励政策——增加对西班牙和匈牙利等国家汽车工厂的投资；同时也威胁将对中国产品，包括牛奶、烈酒、猪肉以及大马力车等征收关税。
虽然欧盟成员国相信有足够的票数来通过这些额外的税费措施，但他们对于预测结果保持谨慎，特别是考虑到西班牙总理反对这一决定，并且德国方面坚持与北京达成协议。德国经济部长在柏林表示：“我并不是反补贴税的支持者，因为这可能引发报复措施，并导致我们卷入与中国之间的关税纠纷甚至贸易战。”他强调正在寻找政治解决方案以避免这场潜在的贸易争端。
目前，德国倾向于弃权，但该决定尚未正式确定，因政府仍在审议最终立法文件。欧盟对华贸易政策的信誉以及与美国的关系担忧也促使部分成员国支持征收关税：意大利和丹麦等国都表示赞成征税，其中丹麦是向中国出口猪肉的主要供应国之一。
欧盟未来的投票结果预示了自11月起五年内实施可能高达35%的关税，除非超过65%的欧盟人口代表、至少15个成员国反对这一措施。新关税将叠加在现有的10%税率之上。
在面对他国违规WTO规则的情况下，丹麦首相在接受彭博社采访时表示：“我们不能对他人破坏我们共同设定的游戏规则视而不见。问题始于谁？在我看来，不是欧洲，而是中国。”她指出，“作为欧盟委员会以及成员国必须对此作出回应。”
此动议将导致未来五年的高额关税在11月启动，前提是65%的欧盟人口代表和至少有15个成员国反对这一行动。新征税将在现有的10%基础上实施。
新闻来源：www.bloomberg.com
原文地址：EU-China EV Talks to Continue Even If Bloc Approves Tariffs
新闻日期：2024-09-24
原文摘要：
The European Union and China will continue negotiations to find an alternative solution to tariffs even if member states vote in the coming days to impose levies on electric vehicles, according to people familiar with the matter.A provision to allow talks to keep going will be added to draft legislation that member states are now expected to vote on by early next month, said one of the people, who like the others spoke on condition of anonymity. The vote was originally planned for Wednesday, but that timing has slipped slightly after the EU and China agreed to intensify talks.Following a meeting last week between the bloc’s trade commissioner, , and Chinese Commerce Minister , the EU said the two sides were looking at a mechanism to control prices and volumes of exports to avoid anti-subsidy tariffs.The EU has so far rejected proposals offered by China. The bloc’s executive arm has frequently said that any solution needs to be in line with WTO rules, address the impact of China’s subsidies and something the EU could monitor for compliance. Read More: China has dismissed the anti-subsidies probe as a protectionist move. In an attempt to lure member states to its corner, Beijing is offering both a carrot of increased investment into car plants — in countries like Spain and Hungary — and the stick of threatening tariffs on dairy, brandy, pork and other products, including cars with large engines.Officials are confident the bloc has the numbers to pass the tariffs but are wary about making predictions after Spanish Prime Minister spoke out against the levies, and Germany has kept pressing for a deal with Beijing.“I am not a fan of countervailing duties because this will likely lead to countermeasures and involve us in a tariff dispute, perhaps a tariff war, with China,” German Economy Minister said in Berlin on Monday. “I am working to find a political solution that will not drive us into a tariff war with China,” he said.Berlin is leaning toward abstaining, one of the people familiar said. The person cautioned that a formal decision hadn’t been taken as the government had yet to see the final legislation.Member states are concerned that a rejection would damage the bloc’s credibility on trade policy with Beijing and potentially the US, particularly if wins the upcoming election. Read More: Other member states, including Italy and Denmark, which is one of the biggest suppliers of pork to China, have said they’re in favor of introducing tariffs.“I don’t want a trade war, but Europe can’t not react when others break the international rules of the game we have,” Danish Prime Minister said in an interview with Bloomberg on Sept. 20 in Copenhagen. “Who is it that started this? In my eyes, it’s not Europe, it’s China. And of course the European Commission and thus the member states must react to it,” she said.The EU’s upcoming vote would pave the way for duties as high as about 35% to kick in from November for five years unless a qualified majority — 15 member states representing 65% of the the bloc’s population — opposes the move. The new tariffs would be on top of the existing 10% rate.
