为了提振经济、稳定金融市场，并在国庆节70周年纪念之前重建民众对中国经济的信心，中国政府近期采取了多项关键举措。报道显示，这些行动包括向六大国有银行注入1万亿元（约1420亿美元）的资金用于资本重组。
此前，为解决因数年前针对房地产项目过度借贷而引发的开发商违约问题所累积的压力，中国的银行业面临着前所未有的挑战。这导致银行利息利润率和利润大幅下滑。因此，采取协调各种内部及外部渠道，旨在充实资本，“是必要的”。国家金融监管委员会主任李云泽在接受媒体采访时强调。
本周四的经济工作季度会议中，习近平主席和其他高层领导承认出现了一些新的问题，并承诺将重点支持应届毕业生、农民工、失业人员、老年人和残疾人等群体。在经历新冠疫情带来的冲击后，中国经济正努力重新找到增长的动力。
这些举措标志着中国为实现第二大经济体的恢复采取了“双管齐下”的策略，仅一周内已实施了一系列刺激经济活动的措施。这一系列行动引发了金融市场高涨的情绪：香港恒生指数上涨4.2%，上海综合指数飙升3.6%；深圳市场涨幅更大，达到4.2%。亚洲和欧洲其他市场的表现同样强劲。
在本周早些时候举行的一次新闻发布会上，中国人民银行和其他政府部门宣布了旨在提振房地产行业、支持金融市场复苏的多项措施。这些行动包括降低存款准备金率、下调利率以及为某些按揭贷款提供较小首付等。
政治局会议后的声明指出，在面临新挑战的情况下，需要制定更多政策来应对。然而，是否涉及大规模财政支持以稳定增长仍然是个未知数。
中国政府正决心在国庆节前夕展现出他们对经济复苏的行动和决心。与此同时，针对贫困家庭，政府也宣布了一项特别的“生活补助”计划，并未公开具体的金额发放标准。尽管向普通民众直接补贴较为罕见，但在特殊纪念日之际，中国共产党有时会通过支付给困难家庭以表达关怀。
在政治局会议结束后发表的声明中强调：“我们必须全面、客观和冷静地审视当前经济形势，正视面临的困难，增强信心，并有效提升责任感与紧迫感，在经济工作中做好工作。”
这一系列措施彰显了中国政府面对当前挑战的决心以及对国庆70周年纪念的重视。
新闻来源：www.abcnews.go.com
原文地址：China redoubles first-aid for its economy with support for banks and workers
新闻日期：2024-09-26
原文摘要：
China is redoubling its first-aid for its economy, targeting banks, workers and poor families as the ruling Communist Party prepares to mark the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic. Unconfirmed reports Thursday by the South China Morning Post and Bloomberg said the government plans to spend about 1 trillion yuan ($142 billion) on recapitalizing six big state-owned banks. The reports citing unnamed people familiar with the situation follow this week's statement by Li Yunze, head of the National Financial Regulatory Commission, that regulators would increase capital at six large banks. Defaults by real estate developers following a crackdown several years ago on excessive borrowing for property projects have weighed on the banking sector, prompting the latest bailout. Banks' interest margins and profits have shrunk, so “it is necessary to coordinate various channels such as internal and external channels to replenish capital,” Li told reporters in Beijing. President Xi Jinping and other top leaders held a quarterly meeting on the economy on Thursday, state media said, and acknowledged “some new situation and problems” had emerged. They promised to focus on support for new college graduates, migrant workers, the unemployed, elderly and disabled. The capital increase for the banks and promises of other measures were a second flurry this week of stimulus for the world's second-largest economy as it struggles to regain momentum after the COVID-19 pandemic. For a second time this week, financial markets rejoiced. Hong Kong's Hang Seng jumped 4.2% and the Shanghai Composite index surged 3.6%. The smaller market, in Shenzhen, was up 4.2%. Markets elsewhere in Asia and in Europe also logged strong gains. The raft of new measures to pump up growth began Tuesday, when officials from the central bank and other government agencies held a news conference in Beijing announcing various measures to help revive China’s ailing property sector and prop up financial markets. Those measures included lower bank reserve requirements, reduced interest rates and smaller minimum down payments for some mortgages. The statement issued after the meeting Thursday of the ruling party's powerful Politburo called for “additional policies” for new problems that have cropped up, Julian Evans-Pritchard of Capital Economics said in a commentary. “However, it remains unclear if this will include the large-scale fiscal support needed to stabilize growth,” he said. China's leaders appear determined to show they are taking action to restore confidence in the economy on the eve of the Oct. 1 National Day holiday, 75 years after the communists took power in 1949. The government also announced special “living allowances,” or cash handouts, for the poor ahead of National Day observances. A notice from the Civil Affairs Ministry did not say how much would be paid. Although subsidies to ordinary people are uncommon, the ruling Communist Party sometimes marks special occasions with payments to families in difficulty. “We must look at the current economic situation comprehensively, objectively and calmly, face up to difficulties, strengthen confidence, and effectively enhance the sense of responsibility and urgency to do a good job in economic work,” said the statement issued after the Politburo meeting.
