华尔街在周一收市时迎来了最新的连胜月份与季度，并再创纪录。美国股市的持续上涨趋势紧随亚洲金融市场星期一开盘后的一波震荡，其中日本股市下挫而中国股市大幅飙升。
标普500指数上升了0.4%，并以新高姿态触及历史顶峰；道琼斯工业平均指数（Dow Jones Industrial Average）在周五纪录水平基础上增加了17点的微小涨幅。纳斯达克综合指数攀升0.4%。
市场的关注焦点集中在希望美国经济即便放缓，也能够继续增长，并期待美联储降息以提供必要的动力。一场大考即将到来，在下周五时，美国政府将公布最新的就业市场月度报告。
华尔街投资者最大的忧虑是，经济增长可能已经进入衰退阶段。尽管上个月，联邦储备已采取了利率下调措施，并表示更多的缓解政策即将推出；但美国雇主们已经开始减少招聘活动。过去一个月前的行动中，美联储曾坚持在20年高位维持利率不变，旨在减缓经济增长以应对高通胀问题。
“就业人数增长”是推动美国股市的关键因素，尤其是在即将到来的选举之前，投资银行美银（Bank of America）的研究报告如是写道。
至于高盛经济学家David Mericle，他预测9月份的就业报告将显示新增就业人数比华尔街普遍预期的146,000人还要强。在过去，这种超预期的增长可能加剧对通胀压力的担忧并抑制股市；但现在，这会被视为经济衰退风险减小的信号。
利率与经济力量通常决定着股票价格走势，在亚洲市场，这两种因素作用的方向相反。
日本日经225指数暴跌4.8%，原因是市场担心新任首相可能会支持提高利率以及其他不利于市场的政策。预计将于星期二接任的岸田文雄就银行的举措表示了支持：将利率从接近零水平提升，这增加了日元的价值压力。较高的日元汇率可能损害日本出口商的利润，因为他们以其他货币销售产品，然后将其兑换成日元。
丰田汽车在东京的股价下跌7.6%，本田汽车则下降7%。同样，在美国市场周一也出现了下跌。
Stellantis公司，拥有Jeep品牌和其他品牌的公司，在下调未来收益预期后，其股票下跌了14.7%；这同时也导致福特（Ford）和通用（General Motors）的股价在美国市场上下滑，跌幅分别为2% 和3.5%。
而苹果公司的上涨势头为道琼斯指数提供了支撑，并带动标普500指数创下新高。在上个月晚些时候与其他大型科技公司一起下跌之后，由于市场对其过高的估值表示担忧；但随后，其股价已开始逐步回升至历史最高收盘价234.82美元附近。星期一的收盘价格是233.00美元。
总体而言，标普500指数上涨了24.31点，达到5,762.48点；道琼斯工业平均指数上涨了17.15点至42,330.15点；纳斯达克综合指数则增加了69.58点至18,189.17点。
另一方面，在中国，沪深股市分别飙升了8.1% 和2.4%，这一变化是针对世界第二大经济体最新刺激措施的反应。这是近16年以来上海股票市场表现最佳的一天。
中国央行在周日宣布，将房贷利率降低至截至10月31日；这紧随上周央行和政府为支持中国经济所采取的多轮举措。其中经济增长的部分放缓可归因于房地产行业的压力加重。
大陆市场的股市将在周二至10月7日期间因纪念中共统治75年而休市。
美国国债市场上，投资者对美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔的言论作出反应后，国债收益率有所上升。他暗示即将到来的利率下调可能与传统的规模大小相似。美联储开始其降息行动时采用了超出常规的大幅度减少半个百分点；因此交易员们已经预计下一次在11月会议上的裁决可能会带来类似规模的削减。虽然此前联邦政策制定者已表明计划年内再进行两次、传统意义上的0.25个百分点的削减。
然而，鲍威尔再次强调，在星期一的讲话中降息并非迫切需要迅速推进的措施。在他的发言后，交易员们预计在11月时美联储将减半降利率的可能性从之前的53%降至仅剩35%；这一数字基于芝加哥商品交易所（CME Group）的数据。
美国国债收益率上行至3.78%，从前一个周五的3.75%上升。两年期国债收益率与美联储即将采取的短期利率调整预期紧密相关，上涨到了3.63%，而前一个交易日为3.56%。
新闻来源：www.abcnews.go.com
原文地址：Stock market today: Wall Street sets more records to close a winning September and third quarter
新闻日期：2024-09-30
原文摘要：
Wall Street closed its latest winning month and quarter with more records on Monday. The drift higher for U.S. stocks followed a wild start to the week for financial markets in Asia, where Japanese stocks tumbled and Chinese indexes soared. The S&P 500 climbed 0.4% to an all-time high and clinched its fifth straight winning month and fourth straight winning quarter. The Dow Jones Industrial Average added 17 points, or less than 0.1%, to its record set on Friday. The Nasdaq composite rose 0.4%. Wall Street has catapulted to records on hopes the slowing U.S. economy can keep growing while the Federal Reserve cuts interest rates to offer it more juice. A big test will arrive Friday, when the U.S. government offers its latest monthly update on the job market. An overriding worry on Wall Street is whether the economy may already be heading for a recession. Even though the Fed cut rates earlier this month and has indicated more relief is on the way, U.S. employers have already begun paring back on their hiring. Before this month, the Fed had kept interest rates at a two-decade high in hopes of slowing the economy enough to stamp out high inflation. “Payrolls remain the biggest catalyst” for the U.S. stock market until the election, strategists and economists at Bank of America wrote in a BofA Global Research report. At Goldman Sachs, economist David Mericle said he’s expecting Friday’s report to show hiring in September was stronger than the 146,000 growth in payrolls that economists across Wall Street were broadly forecasting. In the past, a stronger-than-expected number could have hurt the stock market by fanning worries about upward pressure on inflation. Now, though, it would likely be welcomed as a signal that a recession shouldn’t be as big a worry. Interest rates and the strength of the economy are usually the two main levers that set prices for stocks. In Asia, the levers were pulling in opposite directions. Japan’s Nikkei 225 slumped 4.8% on worries the country’s incoming prime minister will support higher interest rates and other policies that investors see as less market-friendly. Shigeru Ishiba is set to take over on Tuesday. Ishiba has expressed support for the Bank of Japan’s move to pull interest rates away from their near-zero level, which puts upward pressure on the value of the Japanese yen. A stronger yen can hurt profits for Japanese exporters, which make sales in other currencies and then convert them back into yen. Toyota Motor’s stock fell 7.6% in Tokyo, while Honda Motor’s dropped 7%. Monday. Stellantis, the company that owns the Jeep brand and others, tumbled 14.7% in Milan after cutting its forecast for upcoming profit. It cited investments to turn around its U.S. operations and increased Chinese competition. That in turn helped drag down automakers Ford Motor and General Motors on Wall Street. Ford fell 2%, and GM dropped 3.5%. A 2.3% rise for Apple helped offset such losses and was the strongest force lifting the S&P 500 to its latest record. After weakening in late July with other Big Tech stocks amid worries their prices had shot too high, Apple’s stock has been climbing back toward its all-time closing high of $234.82. It finished Monday at $233.00. All told, the S&P 500 rose 24.31 points to 5,762.48. The Dow added 17.15 to 42,330.15, and the Nasdaq gained 69.58 to 18,189.17. In China, meanwhile, indexes soared 8.1% in Shanghai and 2.4% in Hong Kong following the latest announcements of stimulus for the world’s second-largest economy. It was the best day for Shanghai stocks in nearly 16 years. China’s central bank announced moves on Sunday to ease mortgage rates for existing home loans by Oct. 31. That followed a flurry of announcements last week from China’s central bank and government intended to prop up the Chinese economy, whose growth has been flagging in part because of the weight of a struggling real-estate sector. Markets in mainland China will be closed Tuesday through Oct. 7 for a holiday marking 75 years of communist rule. In the bond market, U.S. Treasury yields rose after investors took comments from Fed Chair Jerome Powell as a hint that coming cuts to interest rates may be more traditional sized. The Fed began its rate-cutting campaign with a larger-than-usual reduction of half a percentage point, and many traders had built expectations that the next meeting in November could yield a similar sized reduction. That was even though Fed policy makers had already indicated they were planning two more cuts this year of the traditional size of a quarter of a percentage point. But Powell said again on Monday that rate cuts are not something the Fed needs to work quickly on. After his comments, traders were betting on just a 35% probability the Fed will cut rates by another half a percentage point in November. That’s down from a 53% chance seen the day before, according to data from CME Group. The yield on the 10-year Treasury rose to 3.78% from 3.75% late Friday. The two-year yield, which more closely tracks expectations for what the Fed will do with short-term rates, climbed to 3.63% from 3.56%. ___ AP Writer Zimo Zhong contributed.
