在中国共产党执政75周年之际，经济难题与安全威胁仍困扰着国家的庞大体制。天安门广场将举行象征意义的升旗仪式，并有荣誉卫兵从古代皇帝曾居住过的宏伟宫殿入口行进，但并未规划其他庆祝活动。
官方媒体持续报道中国经济的发展和社稳定的进展，却没有提及包括生育率下降、供应链中断损害出口驱动型经济在内的一系列挑战。关于中国的国际影响力增强，在摇摆州的共和党候选人在担忧中发声，同时纪念活动也在前英国殖民地香港及葡萄牙旧领地澳门举行。
作为应对“世纪屈辱”的关键标志，这两个地区于1990年代末回归中国，体现了北京恢复主权的决心。中国在21世纪的起始年份，如60周年、70周年时进行了壮观的阅兵式和经济实力展示。
后疫情时代的世界第二大经济体复苏乏力，房价下滑引发了对经济其他领域的连锁反应。最近，为提振经济而采取了一系列措施，包括降低利率及放宽房贷首付款要求等。
面对新冠疫情以来领导人的旅行限制，习主席在中国保持了相对静默的外交活动，在国内则不断清除被认为忠诚不足、涉嫌腐败或个人失范的问题高官。
习主席在临近纪念日时曾提出，“道路不会一帆风顺，必然会有坎坷与阻碍”，并强调“我们必须居安思危，提前规划，紧密团结全国各族党派和军队”。他表示：“任何困难都无法阻挡中国人民前进的步伐。”
此时正值中日在领土争议、韩国与中国关系紧张以及菲律宾与中国争端之际。历史背景是，中国共产党在1949年与国民党（也称为KMT）进行内战后夺取政权。
台湾一直是中国坚持要纳入共产党统治下的一个重要问题，可能需要采取武力措施。美国向其提供防御援助以确保安全。此外，中国与日本、菲律宾、越南等邻国在南中国海和被占据岛屿的主权问题上有所冲突。
近期，中国的军事建设以及最近将具备核打击能力的导弹发射入太平洋，引发了关于潜在冲突的担忧。在国内方面，习主席通过取消任期限制并扩大其对关键政府机构与党的控制力，实现了实质性的终身领导地位。
中国不实行竞争性选举，党牢牢掌控着向14亿人民传达信息的媒体。俄总统普京在祝贺中国共产党建党75周年的同时也提到了两国自75年前俄为第一个承认中华人民共和国的国家以来的紧密合作。
习主席重申了与中国之间的密切联系，并表示将继续扩大“全方位务实合作”与俄罗斯等其他国家的关系，共同面对未来的挑战。
新闻来源：www.foxnews.com
原文地址：Chinese Communist Party marks 75 years of rule as economic, security threats persist
新闻日期：2024-10-02
原文摘要：
China is marking the 75th year of Communist Party rule as economic challenges and security threats linger over the massive state. No festivities have been announced for the 75th anniversary on Tuesday, save for a flag-raising ceremony at Tiananmen Square, with an honor guard marching from the entrance of the sprawling palace that in past centuries was the home of Chinese emperors. The entirely state-controlled media ran constant reports on China's economic progress and social stability, with no mention of challenges ranging from a declining birth rate to the disruption in supply chains that has harmed the largely export-driven economy. TRUMP-ENDORSED HOUSE CANDIDATE SOUNDS ALARM ON CHINA'S GROWING INFLUENCE IN BATTLEGROUND STATE Commemorations were also held in the former British colony of Hong Kong and Portugal's former territory of Macao, both of which returned to Chinese sovereignty in the late 1990s in a key indication of Beijing's determination to overcome what it has called a "Century of Humiliation." In recent decades, China has mounted military parades and displays of the country's economic might only at the turn of decades, such as for the 60th and 70th anniversaries. The world’s second largest economy has struggled to regain momentum after the COVID-19 pandemic. A prolonged property slump led to a spillover effect on other parts of the economy, from construction to sales of home appliances. Last week, China announced a slew of measures to boost the economy, including lower interest rates and smaller down payment requirements for mortgages. Party leader and head of state Xi Jinping has largely avoided overseas travel since the pandemic, while continuing with his purges at home of top officials considered insufficiently loyal or being suspected of corruption or personal indiscretions. "The road ahead will not be smooth, there will definitely be difficulties and obstacles, and we may encounter major tests such as high winds and rough seas, or even stormy waves," Xi warned during a banquet on the eve of the anniversary. "We must be vigilant in times of peace, plan ahead, and rely closely on the entire Party, the entire army, and people of all ethnic groups across the country" he said, "no difficulties can stop the Chinese people from moving forward." The anniversary also comes as China is facing growing frictions with neighbors including Japan, South Korea and the Philippines over territorial claims and their close relationships with Beijing’s chief rival, the United States. The Communists under Mao Zedong seized power in 1949 amid a civil war with the Nationalists, also known as the KMT, led by Chiang Kai-shek, who shifted their political, economic and military power to the now self-governing island democracy of Taiwan. Beijing continues to insist Taiwan must be annexed under Communist Party rule, by force if necessary, while the U.S. has provided arms to ensure its defense. China, meanwhile, has involved itself in disputes over its claims to most of the South China Sea and uninhabited islands held by Japan, the Philippines, Vietnam and other neighboring nations. China's military buildup and its recent launch of a nuclear capable ballistic missile into the Pacific Ocean have raised concerns about a possible conflict. CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP At home, Xi has made himself effectively leader for life by ending term limits and extending his power over key government and party bodies. China allows no competitive elections and the party retains near total control over the media that informs its 1.4 billion people. Russian President Vladimir Putin congratulated Xi on the anniversary and the subsequent establishment of bilateral diplomatic ties, noting that Russia was the first country to recognize the People’s Republic of China 75 years ago, according to the official Xinhua news agency. Xi reaffirmed their close ties, saying China would continue to expand "all-round pragmatic cooperation" between the two nations.
