欧洲联盟计划于10月4日召开会议，讨论是否对中国进口电动汽车征收最高可达45%的关税，据熟悉此事的人士透露。该提案已获得欧盟成员国的初步草案。最后时刻与中国进行的谈判试图寻找避免新税的解决方案，使得表决在最后一刻推迟。
此次欧盟内部投票是基于欧洲委员会——欧盟执行机构的调查结果。调查发现，中国对其电动汽车产业给予不公平补贴，并认定需通过关税措施来平衡，确保欧洲制造商不处于不利地位。然而，中国否认其存在任何不公平行为，并威胁对欧盟产品如乳制品、烈酒和大型猪肉及大排量汽车，乃至对中国来说至关重要的汽车领域实施报复性关税。
投票结果可能促使自11月起施行新的税率政策，最高达约35%，这一条款持续五年有效，除非至少有15个成员国，代表着欧盟65%人口数量的成员反对这项措施。新关税将与当前的10%税率叠加计算。
德国、西班牙等欧盟国家已对征收关税表示担忧，担心这可能引发贸易战。作为欧洲的主要贸易伙伴，中国去年和欧盟之间交易总额达到7390亿欧元（约8250亿美元）。
欧洲官员坚信他们有足够的支持来通过这项税收决议。但近期，西班牙首相公开反对这一举措，并且德国持续施压推动与中国的协议达成。
德国经济部长表示：“我并非反补助关税的支持者，因为此举可能导致回应措施并引发与中国的关税争端乃至贸易战。”他正寻求政治解决方案，以避免与中国陷入贸易冲突。
欧盟和中国正探讨协商解决方案，旨在通过价格和出口量的控制机制替代征收关税。迄今为止，中国提出的方案未获得欧盟接受。欧盟委员会已明确表示任何解决方案都需遵循世贸组织规则、解决中国补贴带来的影响，并确保欧洲能够监督其执行情况。
新闻来源：www.bloomberg.com
原文地址：China EVs: EU Plans Oct. 4 Vote on Tariffs
新闻日期：2024-09-28
原文摘要：
The European Union is planning to vote Oct. 4 on whether to impose tariffs as high as 45% on imported electric vehicles made in China, according to people familiar with the matter.Member states have received a draft of the regulation for the proposed measures, the people said. The vote among the bloc’s member states was slightly delayed amid last-minute negotiations with Beijing to try to find a resolution that would avoid the new levies. Talks between the two sides can continue even if member states adopt the tariffs, Bloomberg previously . The new date could still change, said the people, who spoke on the condition of anonymity.The vote comes after a probe by the European Commission, the EU’s executive arm, found that China unfairly subsidizes its EV industry and that tariffs are needed so that European manufacturers aren’t at a disadvantage.China denies any unfair activity on its part, and has threatened retaliatory tariffs on European products such as dairy, brandy and pork, as well as cars with large engines. The vote would pave the way for new duties as high as about 35% to kick in from November for five years unless a qualified majority — 15 member states representing 65% of the the bloc’s population — opposes the move. The new tariffs would be on top of the existing 10% rate.Read more: Member states including Germany and Spain have warned against imposing the tariffs, saying it could trigger a trade war. China is Europe’s second-largest trading partner and the two did €739 billion ($825 billion) in trade last year.European officials are confident the bloc has the numbers to approve the tariffs, Bloomberg reported earlier this week, but are wary about making predictions after Spanish Prime Minister spoke out against the levies, while Germany has kept pressing for a deal with Beijing.Read more: “I am not a fan of countervailing duties because this will likely lead to countermeasures and involve us in a tariff dispute, perhaps a tariff war, with China,” German Economy Minister said on Monday. “I am working to find a political solution that will not drive us into a tariff war with China.” The EU and China are discussing a negotiated solution that would include a mechanism to control prices and volumes of exports instead of the tariffs.The EU has so far rejected proposals offered by China. The bloc’s executive arm has frequently said that any solution would have strict requirements: it would need to be in line with World Trade Organization rules, address the impact of China’s subsidies, and be something the EU can monitor for compliance.
