匈牙利总理奥班尼亚周五表示，欧洲联盟面临与中国爆发“经济冷战”的风险，并承诺在欧盟最终决定对进口自中国的电动汽车加征关税时投票反对此计划。
该关税预定将于今日表决通过。然而，匈牙利领导人警告称，欧洲趋向于经济保护主义的行为将摧毁欧盟的经济。“这相当于一场经济冷战”，奥班尼亚对国家电台说，“这是对欧洲最坏的情况。”他补充道：“如果这种状况持续下去，整个欧洲的经济都将走向衰亡。”
7 月份，欧盟对从中国进口的电动车实施了高达37.6%的初步关税措施，指责这些车辆得益于不公平的政府补贴。对此，中国在8月向世界贸易组织提出了申诉，声称这一行为违反了WTO规则并阻碍全球应对气候变化的合作。
面对中国政府针对法国干邑和欧洲猪肉出口展开报复性调查，并引发了部分分析人士所担忧可能升级为与欧盟之间的贸易战风险，匈牙利在奥班尼亚的领导下一直致力于与中国建立更紧密的关系，而其西方伙伴则寻求在经济上与俄罗斯、中国保持距离。
莫斯科对乌克兰的战争以及对于大量廉价中国产品涌入市场的担忧进一步加速了这种方向。与此同时，奥班尼亚政府正积极争取来自中国的重大投资，包括在中国境内的电动车电池制造厂项目。去年年末，他宣布比亚迪（全球领先的电动汽车制造商之一）将在匈牙利南部设立其在欧洲的第一座生产工厂。
对奥班尼亚而言，欧盟的经济保护主义代表了匈牙利出口导向型经济的巨大威胁。其政府提出“经济中立”的政策方针，主张与所有愿意进行交易的国家保持贸易往来，不受政治联盟或地缘战略考虑的影响。他表示，欧盟及其西方伙伴通过攻击匈牙利的政策意图在于将该国“引导”至一个他认为缺乏增长、发展和未来的选择上。
“每一次攻击背后，都是他们试图迫使匈牙利走向他们所处并认为没有发展的阵营。”他解释说，“在他们眼中，那是一个没有增长、没有发展也没有未来的经济环境。”
新闻来源：www.abcnews.go.com
原文地址：EU tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles are part of an ‘economic cold war,’ Hungary’s Orbán says
新闻日期：2024-10-04
原文摘要：
The European Union risks entering an “economic cold war” with China, Hungary's prime minister said on Friday, pledging to vote against an EU plan to impose higher tariffs on the import of Chinese electric vehicles. EU countries are set to vote on Friday whether to finalize the tariffs, part of a broader trade dispute over Chinese government subsidies and Beijing’s burgeoning exports of green technology to the 27-nation bloc. The tariffs are expected to pass the vote. But Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán said on Friday that his country will oppose them, and warned that Europe's tendency toward economic protectionism would destroy the EU's economy. “What they're making us do, what the European Union is doing, is an economic cold war,” Orbán told state radio. “This is the worst thing that can happen to Europe. ... If this continues, the European economy will die,” he said. The EU in July imposed the provisional tariffs of up to 37.6% on EVs made in China, saying they unfairly benefit from government subsidies. Beijing, in response, filed a complaint with the World Trade Organization in August, saying the tariffs violate WTO rules and undermine global cooperation on climate change. China also launched retaliatory investigations into French cognac exports and European pork in what some analysts fear could develop into an economically harmful trade war with the EU. Hungary under Orbán has pursued close ties with China and Russia while its Western partners increasingly seek to distance their economies from those countries. Moscow's war in Ukraine and fears that a flood of inexpensive Chinese products could disrupt Western markets have accelerated those efforts. Meanwhile, Hungary has sought major investment from Beijing, opening a series of Chinese EV battery manufacturing plants across the country. Late last year, it announced that BYD, one of China's largest EV makers, will open its first European production factory in southern Hungary. Orbán on Friday said that EU protectionism represented a “huge danger” to Hungary's export-oriented economy. His government has declared a policy of “economic neutrality” that favors trade with all willing countries regardless of alliances or geopolitical considerations. He said Western partners including the EU had “attacked” Hungary over its policies in order to “divert it from the path of economic neutrality.” “What's behind every attack is that they're trying to ... force Hungary into the bloc where they are, where I think there is no growth, no development, no future,” he said.
